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Dementia
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- The type of dementia, stage, associated losses, evolution of dementia, clinical manifestations, and possible complications of dementia .
- Strategies for living well with dementia, and ways to support the independence of the person with dementia and help preserve his/her abilities.
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Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)
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- Common BPSD
- Non-pharmacological approaches
- Understanding the causes/triggers for BPSD, the relationship between brain and behaviour, and strategies to prevent or manage BPSD
- If pharmacological interventions or restraints are deemed necessary to manage targeted BPSD, education about the rationale for treatment and plans for reduction/removal
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Medication
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- The purpose, risks and benefits, and side effects of medications used to enhance cognition
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Communication
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- Effective communication skills
- Benefits of effective communication (i.e., helps caregivers gain insight into the viewpoint of the person with dementia, promotes more positive behaviour and leads to more satisfying interactions)
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Anticipatory guidance
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- For example, regarding the possibility of delirium or depression, and areas of concern that might require urgent attention (e.g., delirium, risk of suicide)
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Advanced care planning
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- Information to enable the person living with dementia and his/her family to plan for the future, determine substitute decision-makers, etc.
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Self-care
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- The importance of self-care for caregivers
- When to see a primary care provider or mental health specialist
- Information about the health and social resources available to support caregivers (interprofessional team)
- Caregiver programs: psychological support and psychoeducational programs (to reduce caregiver distress and improve the quality of life)
- Counselling, cognitive–behavioural support
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Other resources
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- Information regarding resources and local programs that can offer information and formal or informal support
- Example: Alzheimer Society
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